Aluminium profile processing
Aluminium processing, kushandisa mapurasitiki ekugadzirisa nzira dzekugadzira aluminium ingots kuita zvinhu, kunyanya kusanganisira kukunguruka, extrusion, kutambanudza, uye kugadzira. Aluminium processing yakatanga kugadzirwa mumaindasitiri mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20, uye ma1930 asati asvika, midziyo yekugadzira mhangura yaishandiswa chaizvo, nezvigadzirwa zvinonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira ndege. Mushure memakore ekuma1960, kugadzirwa kwealuminium kwakagadzirwa nekukurumidza, nehuwandu hwekukura kwepagore hunosvika 4-8%. Zvigadzirwa zvacho zvaishandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akaita sendege, kuvaka, transport, zvemagetsi, makemikari, kurongedza, uye zvinodiwa zuva nezuva. Iyo inobuda ndeyechipiri kune simbi uye inomira yechipiri mumidziyo yesimbi. Pakati pema1950, China yakagadzira chirimwa chealuminium chakakura, kugadzira hurongwa hwekugadzira. Zvigadzirwa zvave serialized, ine manomwe alloy akatevedzana aripo, inokwanisa kugadzira mhando sere dzezvigadzirwa zvinosanganisira ndiro, mitsetse, foils, mapaipi, mabara, profiles, waya, uye forgings (free forgings, kufa forgings).
Chinese name: Aluminium Processing
Nzira huru dzinosanganisira kukunguruka, extrusion, kutambanudza, uye kugadzira
Chinangwa: Kugadzira aluminium ingots kuita zvinhu uchishandisa mapurasitiki ekugadzirisa nzira
Chigadzirwa chacho chinonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira ndege
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1 Development
2 Nhanganyaya
3 Kunyunguduka uye Kukandira
▪ nhuwidza
▪ kukanda
- Kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvefoil
5 Kugadzirwa kwewaya
6 Kugadzira kugadzirwa
7 Zvimwe zvigadzirwa
8 Maitiro anoenderana
develop
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Kubva pane macro maonero ekukura kwehupfumi, iyo meso maonero ekushanduka kweindasitiri, uye micro maitiro ekusimudzira bhizinesi, takaona kuti maitiro azvino eindasitiri yealuminium inofamba kubva kuprimary electrolytic aluminiyamu kunyunguduka kuenda kwakadzika kugadzirisa inove isingadzivisike maitiro.. Zvigadzirwa zveAluminium zvinogadzirwa zvinowanzo kutengwa nenzira ye “mutengo wealuminium + mubhadharo wekugadzirisa”. Kana paine kukurumidza kuwedzera kwekudzika kwemvura kudiwa uye kuwedzera kwemaitiro, makambani ane zvakanakira tekinoroji, channel zvakanakira, mari zvakanakira, uye mabhenefiti enzvimbo haangogone kuvimbisa mitengo yavo yekugadzirisa, asi zvakare vane mukana wekuwedzera iwo. Kana yakabatanidzwa nehukuru hwekuwedzera zvinhu, kukura kwekuita kuchave kwakakurumidza uye kwakakosha.
Mumakore achangopfuura, Indasitiri yekuChina yealuminium profiles yakakura nekukurumidza uye yakanyatso kuvandudzwa kuita indasitiri ine makwikwi anotyisa. Sekupera kwe 2010, pakanga paine 824 aluminium mbiri mabhizinesi pamusoro peakatemerwa saizi muChina. Mushure mekukurumidza kukura uye kukwikwidza kunotyisa kwemusika, chimiro chekutanga chatora chimiro. Parizvino, kune akawanda aluminium foil kugadzira mabhizinesi muChina, ine yakaderera indasitiri concentration. Hapana bhizinesi rine chikamu chakakosha chemusika, kana bhizinesi chero ripi zvaro haringaite zvine mutsindo mukusimudzira indasitiri yese. In 2010, iyo yenyika aruminiyamu foil kugadzirwa yaive pamusoro 2 matani mamiriyoni, nezvakawanda kupfuura 250 mabhizinesi ari kuita aluminium foil kugadzira, neavhareji yakabuda pamusoro 8000 matani. Chiyero cheavhareji chaive chidiki, uye kwaiva nemabhizimisi maduku akawanda, zvichiita kuti pave nemakwikwi akawandisa mundima yakaderera-yakawedzerwa chigadzirwa.
Nekukurumidza kukura kweChina magonhi esimbi nemahwindo, kuvaka madziro emaketeni, indasitiri yezvekufambisa, indasitiri yemakemikari, indasitiri yemidziyo yemagetsi, kudzivirira nyika uye indasitiri yemauto, kudiwa kwealuminium profiles kucharamba kuchikura. Panguva imwe, zvigadzirwa zvitsva, maitiro matsva, uye kushandiswa kutsva kwealuminium profiles kucharamba kuchibuda, kukurudzira kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye kusimudzira hutano hweindasitiri. Kubva 2011 ku 2015, iyo aluminium profil indasitiri ichiri kuratidza yakanaka yekusimudzira maitiro.
Nekukurumidza kukura kweChina aluminium profile industry, mari yekutengesa yealuminium profile industry ichawedzerawo gore negore. Maererano nenhamba data, kubva 2005 ku 2010, iyo yakasanganiswa yegore yekukura mwero wekutengesa mari muChina yealuminium profile indasitiri yaive 35.20%. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu ehupfumi munyika uye pasi rose, yakasanganiswa neyekutengesa mari data yeChina yealuminium profile indasitiri kubva 2005 ku 2010 uye data yekukura kwehupfumi hweChina, zvinofungidzirwa kuti chiyero chegore rose chekukura kwemari yekutengesa yeChina's aluminium profile indasitiri kubva 2011 ku 2015 ndizvo 20%. In 2015, mari yekutengesa yeChina's aluminium profile industry ichasvika 1.0498 trillion yuan. Nekukurumidza kukura kweiyo yakadzika indasitiri yealuminium foil, kudiwa kwayo kwealuminium foil kucharamba kuchiwedzera. By 2012, kushandiswa kwealuminium foil kuchasvika 1.8 matani mamiriyoni, uye by 2013 ichasvika 2.1 matani mamiriyoni, nehuwandu hwekukura kwegore negore kwe 17% kubva 2011 ku 2013.
sumo pfupi
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Iyo yepurasitiki yekugadzirisa yealuminium uye aluminium alloys inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chinowana kugadzikana, kuenderana kunodiwa dimensional kururama, mechanical properties, uye kunaka kwepamusoro. Kuchenjerera kunofanirawo kubhadharwa kudzivirira kukuvara kwemagetsi uye kuora, kudzora saizi yezviyo uye microstructure. Izvi zvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvinonyanya kuvimbiswa nemaitiro ekugadzira uye michina. Aluminium uye alloys ayo kazhinji ane yakanaka plasticity uye ari nyore kuita epurasitiki maitiro. Chikamu chekuumbwa kwealuminiyamu yakaoma yakaoma, ine brittle zvimiro senge yakaderera kunyungudika chikamu uye intermetallic makomisheni. Kugadziriswa kwayo kwepurasitiki kune mamwe maitiro, senge homogenization kurapwa kubvisa kushushikana kwemukati uye intragranular segregation inogadzirwa panguva yekutonhodza ingot.; Nzvimbo yeingot inoda kugayiwa kuti ibvise kupatsanurwa kwepamusoro kunokonzerwa nezvikamu zvishoma zvekunyunguduka. Mamwe maaluminium alloys anodawo kuputirwa nearuminiyamu kuti avandudze kusawirirana kwawo nekuora uye kugadzirisa.. Aluminium alloy ine overheating senitivity uye tembiricha yekudziya inofanira kunyatsodzorwa.
Melting casting
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smelt
Inopa ingots yekugadzirwa kwepurasitiki. Mavhiri ekunyungudutsa anowanzo shandisa gasi kana oiri rekuratidzira mavira, nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe 20-40 matani kana kupfuura; Resistance heat reflex furnaces inoshandiswawo, nekukwanisa kutenderera 10 matani. Kuitira kupfupisa choto kurodha nguva, kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekunyunguduka, kuderedza kunyura kwegasi uye oxide film entrapment, kurerekera kumusoro kurodha mavhiri edenderedzwa akagamuchirwa muindasitiri. Zvakanakisa kushandisa kukurumidza kuongorora zviridzwa kuti uongorore iyo alloy kuumbwa panguva yekunyunguduka uye kuigadzirisa panguva yakakodzera.. Kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchena kwekunyunguduka, kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwegasi kunokuvadza, uye kudzora kuumbwa kwemakemikari, kunze kwekupfupisa nguva yekunyunguduka zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, zvinokurudzirwa kuifukidza nehupfu inoyerera inonyanya kuumbwa ne potassium chloride uye sodium chloride., ine general dosage ye 0.4-2% uremu hwechoto chevira. Kunyunguduka kwekushisa kunowanzodzorwa pakati 700-750 ℃.
Mushure mekunyunguduka, simbi inoda kunatswa uye kusefa kubvisa magasi anokuvadza akadai sehydrogen uye asiri-metallic inclusions., kuitira kuvandudza kuchena kwesimbi. Kuchenesa kunowanzo shandisa maajenti ekunatsa akasimba kana magasi ekunatsa. Solid refining agents anowanzo batwa nemakloridi, uye kunatsa maajenti anoshandisa hexachloroethane pachinzvimbo chekloridi anoshandiswawo. Mumazuva ekutanga, chlorine gasi ine basa rakasimba raishandiswa segasi rekuchenesa mumiririri. Kunyangwe mhedzisiro yekuchenesa yaive yakanaka, kwakakonzera kushatiswa kwemhoteredzo kwakakomba. Naizvozvo, nitrogen chlorine yakasanganiswa gasi, inert gasi, uye matatu gasi (N2, Cl2, CO) michina yokuchenesa yakagadzirwa nemigumisiro yakanaka. Kuve nechokwadi chekunatsa mhedzisiro, iyo okisijeni uye hunyoro hwemukati mugasi rekuchenesa hunofanirwa kunge huri shoma pane 0.03% nehuwandu uye 0.3 magiramu pa cubic mita, zvichiteerana. Iyo dynamic vacuum degassing nzira zvakare ine yakanaka degassing uye sodium yekubvisa mhedzisiro.
Kusefa inzira yekupfuura simbi yakanyunguduka kuburikidza nesefa yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvisina kwazvakarerekera kana zvinoshanda kubvisa tsvina yakamiswa kubva mukunyunguduka.. Girazi waya mesh, microporous ceramic tubes uye mahwendefa, uye alumina particles anowanzoshandiswa sefirita mibhedha yekusefa. Magetsi anoyerera anonatsa uye flux layer filtration inogona kushandiswa zvakare.
casting
Kukandira kunowanzo tora yakamira kana yakachinjika mvura-yakatonhorera semi inoenderera yekukanda nzira. Kuvandudza iyo microstructure uye pamusoro pemhando ye vertical casting ingots, electromagnetic crystallization groove, low crystallization groove, uye hot top casting nzira yakagadziridzwa zvakare (ona kusimba kwesimbi). Iyo yemvura-yakatonhorera semi inoenderera yekukanda nzira ndeye kuunza simbi yemvura mumvura-yakatonhorera crystallizer kuburikidza neinoyerera chiteshi., kubvumira simbi yemvura kuti itonhore uye igadzire goko rakasimba. Iyo ingot inobva yadhonzwa kubva mukristallizer nechepasi pemuchina wekukanda kana kudzika zvakaenzana nehuremu hwayo kugadzira billet.. Maitiro maparamita anosiyana zvakanyanya nekuda kwekusiyana kwekuumbwa kwealloy uye ingot saizi. Kazhinji, kumhanya kwekukanda uye kutonhora kunofanirwa kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, uye kureba kwe crystallization tank inofanira kuderedzwa. Kukanda tembiricha kazhinji 50-110 ℃ yakakwira kupfuura iyo liquidus mutsara weiyo alloy. Pamusoro pe, iyo inoenderera mberi yekukanda uye kutenderedza maitiro ealuminium strip yakagadziridzwa zvakare.
Kugadzirwa kweplate uye strip kunotora flat roll rolling, nematanho ekutanga anosanganisira kupisa kukunguruka, kukunguruka kunotonhora, kupisa kurapwa, uye kupedza. Kune yakaoma aruminiyamu alloys akadai LY12 uye LC4 ane yakaoma makemikari anoumba, homogenization kurapwa kunofanira kuitwa kusati kwapisa kupisa. Iyo tembiricha yekugadziridza kazhinji 10-15 ℃ yakaderera pane tembiricha ye eutectic yeiyo yakaderera melting point chikamu mune alloy, uye nguva yekudzivirira ndiyo 12-24 maawa. Iyo aruminiyamu yakavharidzirwa yeakaomeswa aruminiyamu alloy inowanikwa nekuisa mahwendefa ealuminium akapfeka pamativi ese eingot yakagayiwa uye kushandisa inopisa inomonereka welding.. Ukobvu hwealuminium coating layer kazhinji 4% yehukobvu hwepepa resimbi. Kupisa kutenderedza kunowanzoitwa pamusoro peiyo tembiricha yerecrystallization. Kupisa kutenderedza kunogona kuitwa pachigayo chimwe chete chinodzoreka chinotenderedza kana pane akawanda anomira kuti arambe achikunguruka.. Kuvandudza goho uye kushanda zvakanaka kweingot rolling yakakura, ingots kurema 10-15 matani kana anopfuura anofanira kuvandudzwa. Mafekitari ane goho regore risingasviki 100000 matani anowanzo shandisa ina roll reversible hot rolling uye kutora tekinoroji inopisa, ine inopisa-yakakungurutswa tambo ukobvu anenge 6-8 mamirimita. Mafekitari ane simba rekugadzira repamusoro 100000 matani anowanzotora chigadziko chimwe chete, maviri anomira, matatu anomira, kana mirano mishanu inoramba ichikunguruka mushure mekunge chigayo china chinodzoreka chinopisa chavhurwa, uye ita kupisa kupedzisa rolling. Ukobvu hwemutsetse hunogona kusvika 2.5-3.5 mamirimita. Hot rolled strip inoshandiswa sebillet inotonhora mushure mekuputirwa. Kuti ave nechokwadi chepurasitiki yakakwana yesimbi, kupisa kunopisa kunofanirwa kuitwa mune imwe-chikamu microstructure state. Iyo inopisa inopisa tembiricha yeLY11, LY12 uye mamwe alloys ari 400-455 ℃. Iyo deformation rate yevashoma yekutanga vanopfuura kazhinji mukati 10%, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera pashure pacho. Iyo deformation rate yealuminiyamu yakachena uye yakapfava aluminium alloys inogona kusvika 50%, nepo iyo yakaoma aluminium alloys iripo 40%. Iyo yakazara deformation mwero wekutenderera inopisa inogona kusvika pamusoro 90%.
Cold rolling inowanzoitwa pane tembiricha yekamuri, uye mapepa matete uye mitsetse ine hukuru chaihwo, nzvimbo dzakatsetseka uye dzakati sandarara dzinogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nechando, pamwe nekushanda mashizha akaomeswa uye mitsetse ine chaiyo mechanical zvinhu. Cold rolling inonyanya kutora nzira yekugadzira strip, Uchishandisa zvigayo zvina zvinotendereka kana zvigayo zvina zvisingachinjiki zvekukungurutsa kutonhora. Parizvino, zvigayo zvisingadzoreki zviri kugadzirwa kuti zvitonhore. Chigayo chinotenderedzwa chine hydraulic pressing, hydraulic bending rolls, otomatiki ukobvu kudzora sisitimu kana otomatiki ukobvu kudzora sisitimu yekuyera roll gap, uye ndiro chimiro chekudzora chiridzwa. Inodzorwa, recorded, uye inochengetwa nemicrocomputer kuti iwane ndiro uye mitsetse ine hukuru chaihwo uye flat plate shape. Semuyenzaniso, kushivirira kwe 0.18mm strip inogona kusvika ± 5 microns. Mafekitari madiki anoshandisawo nzira yekuvharisa kugadzira sheet simbi. Iyo inotonhora deformation mwero wealuminium mushure mekuvhara inogona kusvika pamusoro 90%. Multiphase yakaoma aruminiyamu alloy ine pachena inotonhora basa kuomesa uye inoda yepakati annealing. Iyo inotonhora deformation rate mushure mepakati annealing iri 60-70%. Hot rolling inoshandisa lotion lubrication, uye kutonhora kutenderedzwa kwakagadzirwa kubva pakuzora kusvika kumafuta akazara ekuzora. Kutora yakawanda-nhanho yekutonhodza sisitimu ine inodzorwa yega nozzles kuderedza kupokana pakati pearuminiyamu ndiro nema roller., cool rollers, control roller profiles, geza aluminium poda uye kumwe kusvibiswa kuti uwane kunaka kwepamusoro uye chimiro cheplate.
Mushure mekutonhora kukunguruka uye kurapwa kwekupisa, tambo yacho inowanzokwenenzverwa pamupumburu wekururamisa muchina kana pachitima chemuchina unoenderera. Iyo furati yakadzimwa ndiro inofanirwa kugadziriswa mukati mekuchembera incubation nguva, kazhinji inopedzwa mukati 30-40 maminetsi mushure mekudzima. Iyo yakazara deformation yeplate yakadzima panguva yeflat calendering haifanire kudarika 2%.
Iko kubudirira kuenderera mberi nekukandira uye kukunguruka kwealuminium mahwendefa uye mitsetse mukati 1955 inogona kuburitsa mahwendefa matete uye aluminium foil blanks. China yakatanga kushandisa nzira iyi kugadzira ndiro dzakatetepa mukutanga kwema1970.
Kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvefoil
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Aluminium foil inogona kukamurwa kuita maindasitiri aruminiyamu foil uye kurongedza aluminium foil. Industrial aluminium foil ine yakanyatso kuchena makemikari kuumbwa uye ukobvu hwe 0.005-0.2 mamirimita. Inonyanya kushandiswa se capacitor, insulation zvinhu, unyoro-uchapupu zvinhu, etc. mumaindasitiri emagetsi neemagetsi. Ukobvu hwekurongedza aluminium foil kazhinji 0.007-0.1 mamirimita, uye kune zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana senge flat foil, foil yakadhindwa, mavara akadhindwa foil, uye laminated aluminium foil. Inonyanya kushandiswa sekurongedza zvinhu zvekudya, chai, mapepa emidzanga, etc. Iyo yakaderera ukobvu hwealuminium foil inogadzirwa ne strip yekugadzira nzira inogona kusvika 0.0025 mamirimita, uye hupamhi hunogona kusvika 1800 mamirimita. Aluminium foil rolling haina musono kukunguruka, uye ma rollers anogara ari mu elastic flattened state. Panguva yekukunguruka, kukora kwefoil zvinhu kunodzorwa nekugadzirisa simba rekukunguruka, kumhanya kumhanya, uye kudzora makakatanwa. Panguva ye rough rolling, simba rekukungurutsa rinoshandiswa kudzora ukobvu hwefoil; Panguva yekunyatsokunguruka, kuwanda kweiyo foil zvinhu kunoderera nekuwedzera kwekumhanyisa kumhanya; Kunyanya kushushikana, diki ukobvu; Kudzivirira kuputsika, kukakavara kunowanzosarudzwa se 0.2-0.4 yesimba regoho remitemo σ 0.2 yefoil material. Panguva yakaderera-speed rolling, “mafuta akakora” kana “mafuta matete” inowanzowedzerwa kumafuta ekuzora kuti agadzirise kukunguruka kwealuminum foil. Mafuta ekuzora uye anotenderedza mill mamiriro ane yakakosha kukanganisa kunaka kwefoil zvinhu. Iyo aluminium foil isina kuvharwa inobva kune inotonhora-yakakungurutswa aruminiyamu makoiri, izvo zvinowanzoitika pre annealed pa 340-480 ℃ nehukobvu hwe 0.4-0.7 mamirimita. Iyo deformation rate panguva yekukunguruka inenge 50%, uye iyo yakazara deformation rate inogona kusvika pamusoro 95%. Foil zvinhu nehupamhi hwakapedzwa hushoma pane 0.01-0.02 mamirimita anofanirwa kupetwa pamwechete uye akaturikidzana kaviri.
kugadzirwa kwewaya tsvimbo
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Inonyanya kugadzirwa uchishandisa kutambanudza tekinoroji. Izvo zvigadzirwa zvinosanganisira rivet waya, welding tsvimbo, uye waya. Iyo billet inogadzirwa ne extrusion, rolling, kana kuenderera mberi kwekukanda nekukungurutsa nzira. Kusvina nzira inogadzira mabheti ane yakakwirira kuchinjika uye yakanaka chigadzirwa kuita. Rolling nzira uye inoenderera mberi yekukanda uye rolling nzira yakakodzera kugadzirwa kwemabhillet eimwe alloy akasiyana., nehupamhi hwekugadzira.
Kugadzira kugadzirwa
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Inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira ndege uye muchina. Forged zvikamu zvakakamurwa mahara forgings uye kufa forged zvikamu, uye ma blanks avo anokandwa uye anopfuudzwa. Iyo yakakura yefoging hydraulic press ndeye 70000 matani, uye nzvimbo yakarongedzerwa yehukuru hwekufogisa saizi ndeye 4.5 square metres. Iyo yakakosha deformation mwero wealuminium alloy ndeye 5-15%. Kuti udzivise kuumbwa kwezviyo zvakakora, deformation rate yekuforoma inofanirwa kunge yakakura kupfuura 15%. Kuderedza kusaenzana deformation, multi-directional yemahara forging inowanzoshandiswa.
Zvimwe kugadzirwa
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02:15
Inoshamisa simbi extrusion maitiro, pepa realuminium saizi yesimbi yakatambanudzwa kuita a 20 centimeter yakakwirira aluminium bhodhoro
Iyo yakajairika kugadzirwa kwepombi, mabara, uye profiles ndiko kutanga kushandisa inopisa extrusion kugadzira billets, wobva wakunguruka (kana kutambanudza), finish, uye kupisa vabate kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvapera. Inogona zvakare kugadzirwa zvakananga muzvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa nekupisa extrusion nzira, iyo ikozvino yakagadzirwa kubva kupfupi ingot kusvika kurefu ingot extrusion. Maererano neextrusion pressure ye extruder, imwe yunifomu dhayamita ingot inoshandiswa, uye akasiyana maprofile uye mapaipi anoburitswa nemusanganiswa wekupatsanura kufa uye rurimi runofa. Kureba kwechigadzirwa kunogona kusvika kupfuura 60 mamita, uye mushure mokutambanudza uye kutwasanuka, inochekwa muhurefu hunodiwa. Iyo yakanyanya extruder inoshandiswa kugadzirwa kwealuminium ndeye 20000 matani. Inogona kubudiswa mumachubhu ane ribbed ane dhayamita ye 800 mamirimita. Architectural profiles ndeye extruded zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa muma1960s, accounting for over 35% yezvakakwana zvigadzirwa zvakawedzerwa, of izvo 80% anoshandiswa kugadzira magonhi nemahwindo. Anenge ese maprofile ekuvaka anogadzirwa nealuminium magnesium silicon alloys (LD30 uye LD31). Ichi chigadzirwa chinoitwa anodizing uye kurapwa kwemavara, kugadzira mafirimu eokisidhi ane mavara akasiyana pamusoro, negora rakanaka rekudzivirira, kuita magonhi nemahwindo kunaka, yakasimba, uye yakanyatsonamirwa. Mukuwedzera kune inopisa extrusion, nzira dzakadai sechando extrusion, isothermal extrusion, yasara yemahara extrusion, uye static liquid extrusion yakagadziridzwa zvakare (ona aluminium oxidation coloring).
Aluminium uye aruminiyamu alloys ari extruded vachishandisa mberi uye reverse extrusion nzira. Iyo yakakodzera extrusion kumhanya inofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana neakasiyana alloys. Kuti uwane aluminium alloy extruded zvigadzirwa zvine kurongeka kwakanaka uye kuita, iyo extrusion coefficient (l) yemaprofiles nemabhawa yakakura kudarika 8-12 panguva imwe chete extrusion maitiro, uye iyo λ yemabhiliti anoshandiswa kugadzira yakakura kupfuura 5. Iyo extrusion die ine zvakakosha pamhando yezvigadzirwa zve extruded. Flat molds anowanzo shandiswa kune extruding mabara uye profiles, nepo conical molds inowanzoshandiswa kune mapaipi. Hollow profiles nemapombi ane maumbirwo akaomarara anowedzerwa zvakanyanya uchishandisa splitter musanganiswa mold uye rurimi.. Vamwe vanoshandisa liquid nitrogen inotonhorera extrusion molds kuti vawedzere hupenyu hwekuumbwa uye kuve nechokwadi chechokwadi chechigadzirwa. Imwe mold inogona kubuda 30 matani ealuminium zvinhu. Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakawedzerwa zvealuminium alloys zvinowanzoitika “mhete dzezviyo”, zvinoreva kuti mushure mekurapwa kwekupisa, chidimbu chenzvimbo yezviyo yakaoma inooneka yakapoteredza chigadzirwa. High tembiricha extrusion inogona kuderedza chiitiko ichi. Mushure mekugadzirisa kwakasimba kurapwa kwekukwegura, mamwe aruminiyamu alloy extruded zvigadzirwa zvinogona kusimbiswa nekupisa kurapwa kwakawedzera simba asi kuderera kwepurasitiki.
Iyo pombi inotambanudzwa inotora akawanda nekukurumidza uye dhiramu kutambanudza nzira. Iyo dhayamita yeinofambisa yepakati musoro coil inotambanudza muchina dhiramu inogona kusvika 630-2900 mamirimita, uye dhayamita yepombi yakatambanudzwa isina chinhu inogona kusvika 40-50 mamirimita. Kutambanudza simba kwepombi ndiko 16-18 matani, kukurumidza kutambanudza ndiko 24 mamita paminiti, uye chiyero chekugadzirisa chinowanzo 25-40%. Iyi nzira inogona kuburitsa pombi kureba kusvika 6000 mamita.
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Kupisa kwekupisa kunovimbisa kushanda kwekupedzisira kwechigadzirwa kunonzi kupedzisa chigadzirwa kupisa kurapwa, kusanganisira kupedza chigadzirwa annealing, mhinduro kurapwa, quenching, kuchembera kwepanyama, uye kurapwa kwekuchembera; Pamusoro pe, kuchembera kwegiredhi uye deformation kupisa kurapwa maitiro akagadzirwa. Nguva yekurapa haisi kungovandudza michina yezvigadzirwa, asi zvakare inokwidziridza kushushikana kwayo kuomarara kuramba uye kutsemuka kuomarara. Nguva yekufambisa kubva pakudziya kwemushonga kusvika pakudzima inofanira kudzorwa mukati 30 seconds. Mwero wekutonhora wekudzima unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuwanikwa kwesupersaturated yakasimba mhinduro asi isingakonzere zvakanyanya kudzima kushushikana uye kubhenda deformation muchigadzirwa.. Rolling uye sheet simbi inoitwa mumabhokisi emhando yevira, zvakanaka mhando mavira, vertical sheet simbi inopfuurira annealing mavira, kana mhepo cushion inopfuurira annealing mavira ane simba kutenderera kufefetedza
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